回火

刀片连续回火工艺

刀片的回火包括淬火和随后的一次性回火。
刀片的晶体结构发生了转变。

下列以马氏体不锈钢为例,以简化的方式对此进行解释。

  • 淬火
    在淬火炉中,将刀片加热并保持在约1100°C的温度,以使其奥氏体化。铁素体转化为奥氏体,所含碳化物部分溶解,从而增加了基体中碳和铬的含量。随后在冷却段将其淬火至室温。大部分奥氏体转化为马氏体。
  • 深冻
    在深冻装置中将刀片冷冻至约-80°C,奥氏体永久转变为马氏体。根据冷冻温度不同,微观组织中约有15%的残余奥氏体。
  • 回火
    在约200°C的温度下回火,无需在回火炉中保温。降低脆性,提高韧性,获得额外的硬度。随后在冷却装置中冷却至室温。

双金属锯带回火的连续过程

双金属锯带由两种不同的材料组成:背衬材料和切割材料。
背衬材料具备较高的柔韧性,而切割材料必须坚硬耐磨。

在对锯带进行回火时,可通过以下工艺实现这些不同特性:

  • 淬火:
    在淬火炉中将锯带加热并保持在淬火温度,然后在冷却段进行淬火
  • 回火:
    在回火炉中多次加热并保持在回火温度,然后在冷却段进行淬火
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